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Сверхновая неизвестного типа оказалась фабрикой антиматерии
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Астрономы обнаружили сверхновую, которая не принадлежит ни к одному из известных типов этих объектов. Об открытии израильских ученых пишет журнал New Scientist.
Сверхновая глазами художника. Изображение с сайта nrao.edu
Объект, получивший название SN 2005E, находится на расстоянии 100 миллионов световых лет от Земли. По внешним признакам SN 2005E можно причислить к классу сверхновых (этим термином обозначают звезды, завершающие свою жизнь взрывом). Однако обнаруженное космическое тело несет целый ряд характеристик, которые не позволяют причислить его ни к одному из существующих типов сверхновых.
Все известные ученым сверхновые делятся на четыре типа (Ia, Ib, Ic и II). Первый тип представляет собой взрыв белого карлика в двойной системе. Однако SN 2005E тускнеет значительно быстрее, чем сверхновые типа Ia.
Наиболее часто встречаются последние три типа сверхновых, которые образуются при коллапсе массивных звезд. Внутри огромных светил образуется железное ядро, которое коллапсирует под воздействием собственной гравитации. При этом процессе наружу выбрасывается мощное излучение, которое "сдувает" внешние слои звезды. Такие сверхновые практически всегда появляются в густонаселенных районах Вселенной. SN 2005E находится на практически пустынных задворках своей галактики.
Еще одной необычной особенностью найденной сверхновой является очень большое количество кальция в "продуктах сгорания" SN 2005E.
По одной из гипотез, предложенных авторами исследования, странная сверхновая в прошлом могла быть белым карликом, который "воровал" газ у соседней звезды, обогащенной гелием. При взрыве происходят реакции термоядерного синтеза, в которых из гелия рождаются более тяжелые элементы, например, кальций.
Если эта теория окажется верной, она поможет решить две старые астрономические загадки - обилие антиматерии в центральной части Млечного Пути и происхождение кальция-44 в Солнечной системе. При взрыве звезд, содержащих много гелия, образуется большое количество изотопа титана-44, который испускает позитроны - антиматериальных "братьев" электронов. Кроме того, титан-44 превращается в изотоп кальция-44, который составляет около двух процентов всего кальция Солнечной системы.
SN 2005E стала не единственной сверхновой неизвестного типа, обнаруженной за последние несколько месяцев. В начале июня появилось сообщение о чрезвычайно "долгоиграющей" сверхновой SCP 06F6. Чуть позже СМИ сообщили, что 14-летняя школьница обнаружила необычно тусклую сверхновую. В мае группа астрономов заявила об обнаружении "невидимой" сверхновой.
Boeing and NASA decide to move forward with historic crewed launch of new spacecraft <a href=https://omgomg2shop.com>omg ссылка на сайт</a> After years of delays and a dizzying array of setbacks during test flights, Boeing’s Starliner spacecraft is finally set to make its inaugural crewed launch.
The mission is on track to take off from Florida as soon as May 6, carrying NASA astronauts Suni Williams and Butch Wilmore to the International Space Station, marking what could be a historic and long-awaited victory for the beleaguered Starliner program. https://omgomg2shop.com омг вход “Design and development is hard — particularly with a human space vehicle,” said Mark Nappi, vice president and Starliner program manager at Boeing, during a Thursday news briefing. “There’s a number of things that were surprises along the way that we had to overcome. … It certainly made the team very, very strong. I’m very proud of how they’ve overcome every single issue that we’ve encountered and gotten us to this point.”
Boeing and NASA officials made the decision Thursday to move forward with the launch attempt in less than two weeks. However, Ken Bowersox, associate administrator for NASA’s Space Operations Mission Directorate, noted that May 6 is “not a magical date.” “We’ll launch when we’re ready,” he said.
If successful, the Starliner will join SpaceX’s Crew Dragon spacecraft in making routine trips to the space station, keeping the orbiting outpost fully staffed with astronauts from NASA and its partner space agencies.
Such a scenario — with both Crew Dragon and Starliner flying regularly — is one for which the US space agency has long waited.
“This is history in the making,” NASA Administrator Bill Nelson said of the upcoming Starliner mission during a March 22 news conference. “We’re now in the golden era of space exploration.”
2024 NFL Draft: 5 quarterbacks taken in the top 10 of the NFL Draft for the first time ever <a href=https://kraken13v.at>kraken13 at</a> The 2024 NFL Draft has kicked off with the Chicago Bears selecting USC quarterback Caleb Williams with the first overall pick on Thursday night.
Bears fans at the event applauded Williams as he walked onto the stage to share an embrace with NFL commissioner Roger Goodell.
This year’s draft could well be be a blockbuster one, with heaps of highly-touted quarterback talents, a potentially all-time wide receiver group and overall value throughout. It’s the first time in NFL history five quarterbacks were selected in the top 10, and there are plenty more teams searching for an answer at the position. https://kraken13v.at kraken14 at With teams loaded on veteran players, the draft allows the 32 franchises to stock up on young prospects before heading into training camp to fine tune their rosters ahead of the opening of the new season in September.
Earlier Thursday, NFL spokesperson Brian McCarthy said on X 150,000 fans are in attendance at the draft.
Here’s everything you need to know about the 2024 NFL Draft.
There are some years where the crop of quarterbacks coming out of college football isn’t awe-inspiring.
This is not one of those years.
There are a number of potentially franchise-changing signal-callers in the 2024 class, and chief among those was USC’s Williams.
Although he endured somewhat of a down year last season, Williams possesses all the attributes required to be a high-level quarterback in the NFL.
His throwing ability in various scenarios combined with his athletic talents make him the perfect example of the modern dual-threat QB and have led to comparisons to former No. 1 overall pick Kyler Murray.
The 22-year-old Williams has been high on many draft analysts’ radar for over a year now, following his Heisman Trophy winning season in 2022; he broke Trojan records in passing touchdowns, passing yards and passing efficiency that season.
2024 NFL Draft: 5 quarterbacks taken in the top 10 of the NFL Draft for the first time ever <a href=https://kraken13v.at>кракен даркнет</a> The 2024 NFL Draft has kicked off with the Chicago Bears selecting USC quarterback Caleb Williams with the first overall pick on Thursday night.
Bears fans at the event applauded Williams as he walked onto the stage to share an embrace with NFL commissioner Roger Goodell.
This year’s draft could well be be a blockbuster one, with heaps of highly-touted quarterback talents, a potentially all-time wide receiver group and overall value throughout. It’s the first time in NFL history five quarterbacks were selected in the top 10, and there are plenty more teams searching for an answer at the position. https://kraken13v.at kraken ссылка With teams loaded on veteran players, the draft allows the 32 franchises to stock up on young prospects before heading into training camp to fine tune their rosters ahead of the opening of the new season in September.
Earlier Thursday, NFL spokesperson Brian McCarthy said on X 150,000 fans are in attendance at the draft.
Here’s everything you need to know about the 2024 NFL Draft.
There are some years where the crop of quarterbacks coming out of college football isn’t awe-inspiring.
This is not one of those years.
There are a number of potentially franchise-changing signal-callers in the 2024 class, and chief among those was USC’s Williams.
Although he endured somewhat of a down year last season, Williams possesses all the attributes required to be a high-level quarterback in the NFL.
His throwing ability in various scenarios combined with his athletic talents make him the perfect example of the modern dual-threat QB and have led to comparisons to former No. 1 overall pick Kyler Murray.
The 22-year-old Williams has been high on many draft analysts’ radar for over a year now, following his Heisman Trophy winning season in 2022; he broke Trojan records in passing touchdowns, passing yards and passing efficiency that season.
New mission could shed light on the secrets of the moon’s ‘hidden side <a href=https://cryptobosscasino03.com>cryptoboss casino официальный</a> Over the past few years, competing countries have turned the moon into a hotspot for activity not witnessed since the Apollo 17 astronauts departed from the lunar surface in 1972.
In one lunar region, Japan’s “Moon Sniper” mission has beaten the odds and survived three long, frigid lunar nights since its sideways landing on January 19. https://cryptobosscasino03.com cryptoboss casino бонусы Engineers at the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency didn’t design the spacecraft to last through one lunar night, a two-week period of freezing darkness, but the Moon Sniper continues to thrive amid lunar extremes and send back new images of its landing site.
Elsewhere, an international team of astronomers believes it has homed in on a crater created a few million years ago when something massive slammed into the lunar surface — and sent a chunk of the moon’s far side, or the side that faces away from Earth, hurtling into space. The hunk of moon became a rare quasi-satellite, or asteroid that orbits near Earth.
The Tianwen-2 mission will visit the space rock later this decade. But first, China has set its sights on returning to the moon’s “hidden side.” The Chang’e-6 mission, which launched Friday, is aiming to bring back the first samples from the South Pole-Aitken basin, or the largest and oldest crater on the moon. Since the Chang’e 4 mission in 2019, China remains the only country to have landed on the moon’s far side, sometimes called the “dark side” of the moon.
The “dark side” of the moon is actually a misnomer, experts say, and the remote lunar hemisphere receives illumination — scientists just don’t know as much about the region as they’d like.
The far side, with its thicker crust, is vastly different from the near side that was explored during the Apollo missions.
Scientists hope that returning samples from the far side could solve some of the biggest remaining lunar mysteries, including the moon’s true origin.
New mission could shed light on the secrets of the moon’s ‘hidden side <a href=https://cryptobosscasino03.com>cryptoboss зеркало</a> Over the past few years, competing countries have turned the moon into a hotspot for activity not witnessed since the Apollo 17 astronauts departed from the lunar surface in 1972.
In one lunar region, Japan’s “Moon Sniper” mission has beaten the odds and survived three long, frigid lunar nights since its sideways landing on January 19. https://cryptobosscasino03.com cryptobosscasino Engineers at the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency didn’t design the spacecraft to last through one lunar night, a two-week period of freezing darkness, but the Moon Sniper continues to thrive amid lunar extremes and send back new images of its landing site.
Elsewhere, an international team of astronomers believes it has homed in on a crater created a few million years ago when something massive slammed into the lunar surface — and sent a chunk of the moon’s far side, or the side that faces away from Earth, hurtling into space. The hunk of moon became a rare quasi-satellite, or asteroid that orbits near Earth.
The Tianwen-2 mission will visit the space rock later this decade. But first, China has set its sights on returning to the moon’s “hidden side.” The Chang’e-6 mission, which launched Friday, is aiming to bring back the first samples from the South Pole-Aitken basin, or the largest and oldest crater on the moon. Since the Chang’e 4 mission in 2019, China remains the only country to have landed on the moon’s far side, sometimes called the “dark side” of the moon.
The “dark side” of the moon is actually a misnomer, experts say, and the remote lunar hemisphere receives illumination — scientists just don’t know as much about the region as they’d like.
The far side, with its thicker crust, is vastly different from the near side that was explored during the Apollo missions.
Scientists hope that returning samples from the far side could solve some of the biggest remaining lunar mysteries, including the moon’s true origin.
New mission could shed light on the secrets of the moon’s ‘hidden side <a href=https://cryptobosscasino03.com>криптобосс казино</a> Over the past few years, competing countries have turned the moon into a hotspot for activity not witnessed since the Apollo 17 astronauts departed from the lunar surface in 1972.
In one lunar region, Japan’s “Moon Sniper” mission has beaten the odds and survived three long, frigid lunar nights since its sideways landing on January 19. https://cryptobosscasino03.com cryptoboss casino Engineers at the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency didn’t design the spacecraft to last through one lunar night, a two-week period of freezing darkness, but the Moon Sniper continues to thrive amid lunar extremes and send back new images of its landing site.
Elsewhere, an international team of astronomers believes it has homed in on a crater created a few million years ago when something massive slammed into the lunar surface — and sent a chunk of the moon’s far side, or the side that faces away from Earth, hurtling into space. The hunk of moon became a rare quasi-satellite, or asteroid that orbits near Earth.
The Tianwen-2 mission will visit the space rock later this decade. But first, China has set its sights on returning to the moon’s “hidden side.” The Chang’e-6 mission, which launched Friday, is aiming to bring back the first samples from the South Pole-Aitken basin, or the largest and oldest crater on the moon. Since the Chang’e 4 mission in 2019, China remains the only country to have landed on the moon’s far side, sometimes called the “dark side” of the moon.
The “dark side” of the moon is actually a misnomer, experts say, and the remote lunar hemisphere receives illumination — scientists just don’t know as much about the region as they’d like.
The far side, with its thicker crust, is vastly different from the near side that was explored during the Apollo missions.
Scientists hope that returning samples from the far side could solve some of the biggest remaining lunar mysteries, including the moon’s true origin.
New mission could shed light on the secrets of the moon’s ‘hidden side <a href=https://cryptobosscasino03.com>криптобосс сайт</a> Over the past few years, competing countries have turned the moon into a hotspot for activity not witnessed since the Apollo 17 astronauts departed from the lunar surface in 1972.
In one lunar region, Japan’s “Moon Sniper” mission has beaten the odds and survived three long, frigid lunar nights since its sideways landing on January 19. https://cryptobosscasino03.com cryptoboss casino зеркало Engineers at the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency didn’t design the spacecraft to last through one lunar night, a two-week period of freezing darkness, but the Moon Sniper continues to thrive amid lunar extremes and send back new images of its landing site.
Elsewhere, an international team of astronomers believes it has homed in on a crater created a few million years ago when something massive slammed into the lunar surface — and sent a chunk of the moon’s far side, or the side that faces away from Earth, hurtling into space. The hunk of moon became a rare quasi-satellite, or asteroid that orbits near Earth.
The Tianwen-2 mission will visit the space rock later this decade. But first, China has set its sights on returning to the moon’s “hidden side.” The Chang’e-6 mission, which launched Friday, is aiming to bring back the first samples from the South Pole-Aitken basin, or the largest and oldest crater on the moon. Since the Chang’e 4 mission in 2019, China remains the only country to have landed on the moon’s far side, sometimes called the “dark side” of the moon.
The “dark side” of the moon is actually a misnomer, experts say, and the remote lunar hemisphere receives illumination — scientists just don’t know as much about the region as they’d like.
The far side, with its thicker crust, is vastly different from the near side that was explored during the Apollo missions.
Scientists hope that returning samples from the far side could solve some of the biggest remaining lunar mysteries, including the moon’s true origin.
New mission could shed light on the secrets of the moon’s ‘hidden side <a href=https://cryptobosscasino03.com>криптобосс казино</a> Over the past few years, competing countries have turned the moon into a hotspot for activity not witnessed since the Apollo 17 astronauts departed from the lunar surface in 1972.
In one lunar region, Japan’s “Moon Sniper” mission has beaten the odds and survived three long, frigid lunar nights since its sideways landing on January 19. https://cryptobosscasino03.com cryptoboss casino официальный Engineers at the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency didn’t design the spacecraft to last through one lunar night, a two-week period of freezing darkness, but the Moon Sniper continues to thrive amid lunar extremes and send back new images of its landing site.
Elsewhere, an international team of astronomers believes it has homed in on a crater created a few million years ago when something massive slammed into the lunar surface — and sent a chunk of the moon’s far side, or the side that faces away from Earth, hurtling into space. The hunk of moon became a rare quasi-satellite, or asteroid that orbits near Earth.
The Tianwen-2 mission will visit the space rock later this decade. But first, China has set its sights on returning to the moon’s “hidden side.” The Chang’e-6 mission, which launched Friday, is aiming to bring back the first samples from the South Pole-Aitken basin, or the largest and oldest crater on the moon. Since the Chang’e 4 mission in 2019, China remains the only country to have landed on the moon’s far side, sometimes called the “dark side” of the moon.
The “dark side” of the moon is actually a misnomer, experts say, and the remote lunar hemisphere receives illumination — scientists just don’t know as much about the region as they’d like.
The far side, with its thicker crust, is vastly different from the near side that was explored during the Apollo missions.
Scientists hope that returning samples from the far side could solve some of the biggest remaining lunar mysteries, including the moon’s true origin.
